What is namu amida butsu?

"Namu Amida Butsu" is a phrase central to the Pure Land sect of Buddhism, particularly within the traditions of Jōdo Shinshū and Jōdo-shū. It is a form of nembutsu, which is the practice of chanting the name of Amitābha Buddha with the intention of being reborn in the Pure Land after death. The phrase "Namu Amida Butsu" is a transliteration of the Japanese pronunciation of the Sanskrit "Namo Amitābhāya Buddhāya," meaning "I take refuge in Amitābha Buddha."

Key Elements:

1. Amitābha Buddha: Amitābha, or Amida in Japanese, is a celestial Buddha who is described in the scriptures of Mahayana Buddhism. He is associated with infinite light and life, and his Pure Land, called Sukhavati, is a place where beings can be reborn and attain enlightenment.

2. Pure Land Buddhism: This branch of Mahayana Buddhism emphasizes faith and devotion to Amitābha Buddha. The belief is that through genuine faith and the recitation of "Namu Amida Butsu," followers can be reborn in the Pure Land, where it is easier to achieve enlightenment.

3. Nembutsu Practice: The practice involves the vocal or mental repetition of the phrase "Namu Amida Butsu." This is seen as an expression of faith and a method to secure rebirth in the Pure Land.

4. Jōdo Shinshū and Jōdo-shū: These are two major Japanese schools of Pure Land Buddhism, founded by Shinran and Hōnen, respectively. Both schools incorporate the practice of nembutsu but have different interpretations of its significance and the role of human effort versus divine grace.

Overall, "Namu Amida Butsu" is a manifestation of faith and devotion in Pure Land Buddhism, offering practitioners a simple yet profound path toward spiritual liberation and enlightenment through the grace of Amitābha Buddha.